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Gastroenterology & HepatologyChild-Pugh

Child-Pugh Score Calculator (Child-Turcotte-Pugh / CTP)

Calculate the standard five-domain Child-Turcotte-Pugh score and class for established cirrhosis using bilirubin, albumin, INR or PT prolongation, ascites, and encephalopathy.

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Scope before scoring

Use this standard Child-Pugh/CTP table for established cirrhosis or when an applicable protocol explicitly requires CTP class. The calculator does not diagnose cirrhosis.

Standard CTP inputs

Complete all five domains from one documented assessment. No category is assumed.

Use total bilirubin and the standard table shown. Exact values of 2 and 3 mg/dL are in the two-point band.

Use serum albumin. Exact values from 2.8 through 3.5 g/dL are in the two-point band.

Choose one basis only. Changing this selection clears the coagulation band and any previous result.

Select INR or PT prolongation before choosing the applicable band.

Use the documented clinical category and treatment response at the assessment time.

Use the clinically documented hepatic-encephalopathy grade; do not infer it from a laboratory result.

Child-Pugh Class Reference

Class A
5–6 points
Class B
7–9 points
Class C
10–15 points

Higher class generally reflects greater cirrhosis severity, but no class is converted here into a universal mortality, life expectancy, surgery, transplant, or treatment prediction. [2, 3, 4]

Child-Pugh / CTP Scoring Criteria

Select one published 1-, 2-, or 3-point band for each of the five domains. INR and PT prolongation are alternative expressions of one coagulation domain, never two separate scores. [1, 2, 3]

Criterion
Total bilirubin
1 point
<2 mg/dL (<34.2 µmol/L)
2 points
2–3 mg/dL (34.2–51.3 µmol/L)
3 points
>3 mg/dL (>51.3 µmol/L)
Criterion
Serum albumin
1 point
>3.5 g/dL (>35 g/L)
2 points
2.8–3.5 g/dL (28–35 g/L)
3 points
<2.8 g/dL (<28 g/L)
Criterion
Coagulation
1 point
INR: <1.7PT prolongation: <4 seconds prolonged
2 points
INR: 1.7–2.3PT prolongation: 4–6 seconds prolonged
3 points
INR: >2.3PT prolongation: >6 seconds prolonged
Criterion
Ascites
1 point
None
2 points
Mild/moderate and diuretic-responsive
3 points
Severe and diuretic-refractory
Criterion
Hepatic encephalopathy
1 point
None
2 points
Grade 1–2 or precipitant-induced
3 points
Grade 3–4 or chronic

About

The Child-Turcotte-Pugh (CTP) score is a five-domain categorical score used for established cirrhosis and in protocols that explicitly request CTP class. This page implements the standard table published by the U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs and accepts either INR or prothrombin-time prolongation as the single coagulation domain. [1, 2, 4]

It does not diagnose cirrhosis, calculate the current U.S. transplant-allocation score, estimate an individual survival probability, or decide surgery, medication eligibility, dose, monitoring, referral, admission, or treatment. Current U.S. liver allocation uses MELD rather than conversion of a CTP class. [9, 11, 13]

Formula

Standard CTP total = total bilirubin points + serum albumin points + coagulation points + ascites points + hepatic encephalopathy points. [1, 2]
Each of the five domains contributes 1, 2, or 3 points; total range 5–15. [1, 2]
Class A = 5–6 points; class B = 7–9 points; class C = 10–15 points. [1, 2]
Coagulation is scored from either INR (<1.7, 1.7–2.3, >2.3) or PT prolongation above control (<4, 4–6, >6 seconds), never both. [2, 4]
This page uses the standard total-bilirubin bands <2, 2–3, and >3 mg/dL. A protocol or product label that specifies a different CTP table must be followed instead. [2, 4, 11]

Interpretation

What the five domains mean

Bilirubin reflects pigment clearance and excretion; albumin is a circulating protein synthesized by the liver; INR or PT prolongation reflects the selected coagulation measure; ascites is fluid in the abdomen; and hepatic encephalopathy is brain dysfunction attributed to liver disease. A laboratory result cannot substitute for the documented clinical grading of ascites or encephalopathy. [2, 6, 7]

Use one documented clinical time point

Use laboratory and examination findings from the intended assessment time. Albumin infusion, anticoagulants, plasma products, diuretics, paracentesis, lactulose, rifaximin, sedation, intubation, infection, bleeding, kidney injury, and other acute events can change or confound one or more domains. Record those circumstances instead of treating the score as context-free. [4, 5, 8]

INR and PT are alternatives

Choose one coagulation basis. PT prolongation means seconds above the laboratory control, not the patient’s raw PT. INR and PT bands must not both be added. Anticoagulant-associated INR elevation can make the standard score misleading. [2, 4, 11]

Ascites and encephalopathy are treatment-sensitive

The standard table distinguishes diuretic-responsive from diuretic-refractory ascites and grades encephalopathy using documented clinical severity. These domains introduce subjectivity and can change after treatment, so a score should identify who graded it, when, and under what treatment state. [5, 6, 7, 8]

Important model limitations

Ascites and encephalopathy are partly subjective and can vary between observers. The three laboratory domains collapse continuous values into only three bands, the score does not include renal function, and treatment can change several domains. These are limitations of the model rather than software corrections this calculator can infer. [2, 4, 5]

CTP and MELD answer different questions

CTP includes two clinical judgments and three categorical laboratory domains. MELD models use different variables and equations. The current U.S. allocation system does not arise by converting a CTP class. For a separate version-specific MELD calculation, see the MELD 3.0, MELD-Na & Classic MELD calculator. [9, 13]

Class is not an individualized prognosis

Higher Child-Pugh class generally reflects greater cirrhosis severity and has prognostic associations, but outcomes vary by population, era, cause of cirrhosis, decompensation state, renal dysfunction, infection, procedure, treatment, endpoint, and follow-up. This calculator does not convert class into an individualized survival or perioperative mortality probability. [4, 9, 10]

Child-Pugh is not a universal drug-dosing system

Some medicine labels and hepatic-impairment pharmacokinetic studies use CTP class. FDA's 2003 final guidance historically used Child-Pugh classification for this study purpose; FDA withdrew it when issuing a September 2026 replacement draft, which is explicitly not for implementation and discusses both Child-Pugh and NCI criteria. NHS SPS likewise notes that no single validated scoring system determines medication dosing in cirrhosis. Drug-specific labeling and current applicable guidance determine whether and how CTP class is used; this calculator does not select a medicine, dose, contraindication, or monitoring plan. [3, 11, 12]

References

  1. Pugh RN, Murray-Lyon IM, Dawson JL, Pietroni MC, Williams R. Transection of the oesophagus for bleeding oesophageal varices. Br J Surg. 1973;60(8):646–649. PMID 4541913. DOI 10.1002/bjs.1800600817.
  2. U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs. Child-Turcotte-Pugh (CTP) Calculator — Cirrhosis. Standard five-domain table and class boundaries.
  3. NHS Specialist Pharmacy Service. Calculating and using the Child-Pugh score. Published May 17, 2024; updated June 14, 2024. Standard five-parameter table, class ranges, medicine-label context, and dosing limitations.
  4. Garcia-Tsao G. The Child-Turcotte Classification: From Gestalt to Sophisticated Statistics and Back. Clin Liver Dis (Hoboken). 2016;8(6):149–151. PMID 27696097. PMCID PMC5218597.
  5. European Association for the Study of the Liver. EASL Clinical Practice Guidelines for the management of patients with decompensated cirrhosis. J Hepatol. 2018;69(2):406–460. PMID 29653741. DOI 10.1016/j.jhep.2018.03.024.
  6. Biggins SW, et al. Diagnosis, Evaluation, and Management of Ascites, Spontaneous Bacterial Peritonitis and Hepatorenal Syndrome: 2021 Practice Guidance by the American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases. Hepatology. 2021;74(2):1014–1048. PMID 33942342. DOI 10.1002/hep.31884.
  7. Vilstrup H, et al. Hepatic encephalopathy in chronic liver disease: 2014 Practice Guideline by AASLD and EASL. Hepatology. 2014;60(2):715–735. PMID 25042402. DOI 10.1002/hep.27210.
  8. de Franchis R, Bosch J, Garcia-Tsao G, Reiberger T, Ripoll C; Baveno VII Faculty. Baveno VII — Renewing consensus in portal hypertension. J Hepatol. 2022;76(4):959–974. PMID 35120736. PMCID PMC11090185. DOI 10.1016/j.jhep.2021.12.022.
  9. Cholongitas E, Papatheodoridis GV, Vangeli M, Terreni N, Patch D, Burroughs AK. Systematic review: the model for end-stage liver disease — should it replace Child-Pugh's classification for assessing prognosis in cirrhosis? Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2005;22(11–12):1079–1089. PMID 16305721. DOI 10.1111/j.1365-2036.2005.02691.x.
  10. D'Amico G, Garcia-Tsao G, Pagliaro L. Natural history and prognostic indicators of survival in cirrhosis: a systematic review of 118 studies. J Hepatol. 2006;44(1):217–231. PMID 16298014. DOI 10.1016/j.jhep.2005.10.013.
  11. U.S. Food and Drug Administration. Pharmacokinetics in Patients with Impaired Hepatic Function: Study Design, Data Analysis, and Impact on Dosing and Labeling. Historical final guidance. May 2003. Docket FDA-1999-D-0063; withdrawn when the September 2026 draft was issued.
  12. U.S. Food and Drug Administration. Pharmacokinetics in Patients with Impaired Hepatic Function: Study Design, Data Analysis, and Impact on Dosage. Draft Guidance for Industry. September 2026. Draft — Not for Implementation. Docket FDA-2026-D-8693.
  13. HRSA/OPTN MELD calculator, reviewed December 2025. Current U.S. liver allocation uses the MELD model rather than conversion of a Child-Pugh class.

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Educational and informational reference only. Not intended to replace professional medical advice, diagnosis, treatment, or independent verification.