For licensed healthcare professionals only. Not a diagnostic tool. See full disclaimer.
RASS (Richmond Agitation-Sedation Scale)
Assessment
RASS Score
0
Alert and calm — ideal for most ICU patients
About
The Richmond Agitation-Sedation Scale (RASS) is a validated 10-point scale used to assess the level of agitation or sedation in ICU patients. It ranges from +4 (combative) to -5 (unarousable). RASS is commonly used to titrate sedative medications and set sedation targets. For most mechanically ventilated ICU patients, the target RASS is 0 to -2 (alert and calm to light sedation).
Formula
RASS ranges from +4 (combative) to −5 (unarousable)
Target for most ICU patients: 0 to −2
Interpretation
| RASS Score | Term | Interpretation |
|---|---|---|
| +4 to +1 | Agitated | Combative to restless |
| 0 | Alert & Calm | Ideal target |
| -1 to -2 | Light Sedation | Acceptable target range |
| -3 | Moderate Sedation | May be appropriate in some cases |
| -4 to -5 | Deep Sedation | Assess need for this depth |
References
- Sessler CN, et al. The Richmond Agitation-Sedation Scale: validity and reliability in adult intensive care unit patients. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2002;166(10):1338-1344.
- Ely EW, et al. Monitoring sedation status over time in ICU patients: reliability and validity of the Richmond Agitation-Sedation Scale (RASS). JAMA. 2003;289(22):2983-2991.
FAQ
Disclaimer
For educational and informational purposes only. Not intended to replace professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always consult a qualified healthcare professional.