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Emergency/ICUParkland

Parkland Formula (Burns Fluid Resuscitation)

Calculate fluid resuscitation for burn patients using the Parkland formula.

Input

kg
%

Total 24hr Fluid

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First 8 Hours Rate

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Next 16 Hours Rate

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About

The Parkland formula (also known as the Baxter formula) estimates the total crystalloid fluid requirement for burn resuscitation in the first 24 hours following a major burn injury. It is one of the most widely used formulas for guiding initial fluid resuscitation in burn patients. The calculated volume is divided: half given in the first 8 hours from the time of burn, and the remaining half over the next 16 hours.

Formula

Total Fluid (mL) = 4 × Weight (kg) × BSA (%)
First 8 hours: 50% of total volume
Next 16 hours: 50% of total volume

Interpretation

Total Fluid (mL)Consideration
≤ 5,000Standard resuscitation
5,001 – 10,000Large volume — close monitoring
> 10,000Massive — risk of fluid overload

References

  1. Baxter CR, Shires T. Physiological response to crystalloid resuscitation of severe burns. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 1968;150(3):874-894.
  2. Saffle JI. The phenomenon of 'fluid creep' in acute burn resuscitation. J Burn Care Res. 2007;28(3):382-395.

FAQ

Related Calculators

Burns BSA

Estimate total body surface area burned using the Rule of Nines.

Shock Index

Calculate shock index from heart rate and systolic blood pressure.

IV Fluid Rate

Calculate maintenance IV fluid rate using the 4-2-1 rule.

Disclaimer

Educational and informational reference only. Not intended to replace professional medical advice, diagnosis, treatment, or independent verification.